In this demonstration, the blue area has a different refractive index, so that waves move slower through that area. As a result, waves hitting the the blue region will be partially reflected and partially transmitted. Waves travel through the blue region at half the speed as they travel through the gray region, so the blue region has a refractive index of 2. As a comparison, most common types of glass have a refractive index anywhere from 1.46 to 1.96.

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